jagannath rathayatra

jagannath rathayatra bharat men manae jane vale dharmik mahamahotsavon men sabase pramukh tatha mahattvapoorn mani jati hai. yah rathayatra n keval bharat apitu videshon se ane vale paryatakon ke lie bhi khasi dilachaspi aur akarshan ka kendr banati hai. bhagavanshrikrishn ke avatar ‘jagannath’ ki rathayatra ka puny sau ygyon ke barabar mana jata hai.sagar tat par base puri shahar men hone vali ‘jagannath rathayatra utsav’ ke samay astha ka jo virat vaibhav dekhane ko milata hai, vah aur kahin durlabh hai. is rathayatra ke dauran bhakton ko sidhe pratimaon tak pahunchane ka bahut hi sunahara avasar prapt hota hai. jagannath rathayatra das divasiy mahotsav hota hai. yatra ki taiyari akshay tritiya ke din shrikrishn,balaram aur subhadra ke rathon ke nirman ke sath hi shuroo ho jati hai. desh-videsh se lakhon log is parv ke sakshi banane har varsh yahan ate hain. bharat ke char pavitr dhamon men se ek puri ke 800 varsh purane mukhy mndir men yogeshvar shrikrishn jagannath ke roop men virajate hain. sath hi yahan balabhadr evn subhadra bhi hain.

darshan

hindoo dharm men shrikrishnsakshat bhagavan vishnu ke avatar hain. apane bhakton ko sandesh dete hue unhonne svayn kaha hai- “jahan sabhi log mere nam se prerit ho ekatrit hote hain, main vahan par vidyaman hota hoon.

vartaman rathayatra men jagannath kodashavataron ke roop men pooja jata hai, unamen vishnu, krishn aur vaman aurbuddh hain. jagannath mndir men pooja, achar-vyavahar, riti-niti aur vyavasthaon ko shaiv, vaishnav, bauddh, jain dharmavalambiyon ne bhi prabhavit kiya hai. rath ka roop shraddha ke ras se paripoorn hota hai. vah chalate samay shabd karata hai. usamen dhoop aur agarabatti ki sugndh hoti hai. ise bhaktajanon ka pavitr sparsh prapt hota hai. rath ka nirman buddhi, chitt aur ahnkar se hota hai, aise rath roopi sharir men atma roopi bhagavan jagannath virajaman hote hain. is prakar rathayatra sharir aur atma ke mel ki or snket karata hai aur atmadrishti banae rakhane ki prerana deti hai. rathayatra ke samay rath ka snchalan atma yukt sharir karata hai jo jivan yatra ka pratik hai. yadyapi sharir men atma hoti hai to bhi vah svayn snchalit nahin hoti, balki use maya snchalit karati hai. isi prakar bhagavan jagannath ke virajaman hone par bhi rath svayn nahin chalata balki use khinchane ke lie lok-shakti ki avashyakata hoti hai.

itihas

pauranik kathaon ke anusar ‘raja indradyumn’ bhagavan jagannath ko ‘shabar raja’ se yahan lekar aye the tatha unhonne hi mool mndir ka nirman karaya tha jo bad men nasht ho gaya. is mool mndir ka kab nirman hua aur yah kab nasht ho gaya is bare men kuchh bhi spasht nahin hai. ‘yayati keshari’ ne bhi ek mndir ka nirman karaya tha. vartaman 65 mitar oonche mndir ka nirman 12vin shatabdi men chol ‘gngadev’ tatha ‘anng bhimadev’ ne karaya tha. parntu jagannath snpraday vaidik kal se lekar ab tak maujood hai.

puri ka mndir

 mukhy lekh : jagannath mndir puri

rath ka nirman buddhi, chitt aur ahnkar se hota hai, aise rath roopi sharir men atma roopi bhagavan jagannath virajaman hote hain. is prakar rathayatra sharir aur atma ke mel ki or snket karata hai aur atmadrishti banae rakhane ki prerana deti hai. rathayatra ke samay rath ka snchalan atma yukt sharir karata hai jo jivan yatra ka pratik hai.

rathayatra ke samay bhakton ko pratimaon tak pahunchane ka avasar milata hai. puri ka jagannath mndir bhakton ki astha kendr hai, jahan poore varsh bhakton ka mela laga rahata hai. puri ka jagannath mndir uchchastariy naqqashi aur bhavyata lie prasiddh hai. rathotsav ke samay isaki chhata nirali hoti hai. puri ke mahan mandir men tin moortiyan hain –

1. bhagavan jagannath ki moorti
2. balabhadr ki moorti
3. unaki bahan subhadra ki ki moorti.

ye sabhi moortiyan kashth ki bani huee hain. puri ki ye tinon pratimaen bharat ke sabhi devi – devataon ki tarah nahin hotin. yah moortiyan adivasi mukhakriti ke sath adhik samyata rakhati hain. puri ka mukhy mndir barahavin sadi men raja anntavarman ke shasanakal ke samay banaya gaya. usake bad jagannath ji ke 120 mndir banae ge hain.

vishal mndir

jagannath ke vishal mndir ke bhitar char khanh‍d hain –

1. pratham bhogamndir, jisamen bhagavan ko bhog lagaya jata hai.
2. dvitiy rngamndir, jisamen nrith‍y-gan adi hote hain.
3. tritiy sabhamanh‍dap, jisamen darshakagan (tirth yatri) baithate hain.
4. chautha antaral hai.

 

jagannath rathayatra (1850)

• jaganh‍nath ke mndir ka gunbad 192 phut ooncha aur chavakr tatha dhh‍vaj se achh‍chhanh‍n hai. mndir samudr tat se 7 pharlang door hai. yah satah se 20 phut oonchi ek chhoti si pahadi par sh‍thit hai. pahadi golakar hai, jise ‘nilagiri’ kahakar samh‍manit kiya jata hai. anh‍taral ke prath‍yek taraph ek bada dvar hai, unamen poorv ka dvar sabase bada aur bhavh‍y hai. pravesh dvar par ek ‘brihath‍kay sinh’ hai, isilie is dvar ko ‘sinh dvar’ bhi kaha jata hai.
• yah mndir 20 phit oonchi divar ke parakote ke bhitar hai jisamen anek chhote-chhote mndir hai. mukhy mndir ke alava ek parnparagat dayodhi, pavitr devasthan ya garbhagrih, prarthana karane ka haaul aur stnbhon vala ek nrity haaul hai. sadiyon se puri ko anek namon se jana jata hai jaise – nilagiri, niladri, nilachnl, purushottam, shnkhakshetr, shrikshetr, jagannath dham aur jagannath puri. yahan par barah mahattvapoorn tyauhar manaye jate hain, lekin inamen sabase mahattvapoorn tyauhar jisane antarrashtriy khyati prapt ki hai, vah rathayatra hi hai.

das divasiy mahotsav

puri ka jagannath mndir ke das divasiy mahotsav ki taiyari ka shriganesh akshay tritiya ko shrikrishn, balaram aur subhadra ke rathon ke nirman se ho jata hai. kuchh dharmik anushthan bhi kie jate hain.

garudadhvaj

jagannath ji ka rath ‘garudadhvaj’ ya ‘kapiladhvaj’ kahalata hai. 16 pahiyon vala yah rath 13.5 mitar ooncha hota hai jisamen lal v pile rng ke vastr ka prayog hota hai. vishnu ka vahak garu़d isaki raksha karata hai. rath par jo dhvaj hai, use ‘trailokyamohini’ ya ‘nndighosh’ rath kahate hain.

taladhvaj

balaram ka rath ‘taladhvaj’ ke nam se pahachana jata hai. yah rath 13.2 mitar ooncha 14 pahiyon ka hota hai. yah lal, hare rng ke kap़de v laqadi ke 763 tuqadon se bana hota hai. rath ke rakshak vasudev aur sarathi matali hote hain. rath ke dhvaj ko ‘unani’ kahate hain. ‘tribra’, ;ghora’, ‘dirghasharma’ v ‘svarnanava’ isake ashv hain. jis rassi se rath khincha jata hai, vah ‘vasuki‘ kahalata hai.

padmadhvaj ya darpadalan

subhadra ka rath ‘padmadhvaj’ kahalata hai. 12.9 mitar oonche 12 pahie ke is rath men lal, kale kap़de ke sath lakadi ke 593 tukadon ka prayog hota hai. rath ki rakshak ‘jayadurga’ v sarathi ‘arjun‘ hote hain. rathadhvaj ‘nadnbik’ kahalata hai. ‘rochik’, ‘mochik’, ‘jita’ v ‘aparajita’ isake ashv hote hain. ise khinchane vali rassi ko ‘svarnachooda’ kahate hain. dasaven din is yatra ka samapan ho jata hai.^[1]

prathaen

 

rathayatra arnbh hone se poorv purane rajaon ke vnshaj parnparik dhng se sone ke hatthe vali jhadoo se thakur ji ke prasthan marg ko buharate hain. isake bad mntrochchar evn jayaghosh ke sath rathayatra shuroo hoti hai. kee vadyayntron ki dhvani ke madhy vishal rathon ko hazaron log mote-mote rasson se khinchate hain. sabase pahale balabhadr ka rath taladhvaj prasthan karata hai. thodi der bad subhadra ki yatra shuroo hoti hai. ant men log jagannath ji ke rath ko bade hi shraddhapoorvak khinchate hain. log manate hain ki rathayatra men sahayog se moksh milata hai, at: sabhi kuchh pal ke lie rath khinchane ko atur rahate hain. jagannath ji ki yah rathayatra gundicha mndir pahunchakar snpann hoti hai. ‘gundicha mndir’ vahin hai, jahan vishvakarma ne tinon dev pratimaon ka nirman kiya tha. ise ‘gundicha badi’ bhi kahate hain. yah bhagavan ki mausi ka ghar bhi mana jata hai. sooryast tak yadi koee rath gundicha mndir nahin pahunch pata to vah agale din yatra poori karata hai. gundicha mndir men bhagavan ek saptah pravas karate hain. is bich inaki pooja archana yahin hoti hai.

bahuda yatra

ashadh shukl dashami ko jagannath ji ki vapasi yatra shuroo hoti hai. ise bahuda yatra kahate hain. sham se poorv hi rath jagannath mndir tak pahunch jate hain. jahan ek din pratimaen bhakton ke darshan ke lie rath men hi rakhi rahati hain. agale din pratimaon ko mntrochchar ke sath mndir ke garbhagrih men pun: sthapit kar diya jata hai. mndir men bhagavan jagannath, balabhadr evn subhadra ki saumy pratimaon ko shraddhalu ekadam nikat se dekh sakate hai. bhakt evn bhagavan ke bich yahan koee doori nahin rakhi jati. kashth ki bani in pratimaon ko bhi kuchh varsh bad badalane ki parnpara hai. jis varsh adhimas roop men ashadh mah atirikt hota hai us varsh bhagavan ki nee moortiyan banaee jati hain. yah avasar bhi utsav ke roop men manaya jata hai. purani moortiyon ko mndir parisar men hi samadhi di jati hai.^[2]

puranon ke anusar

jagannathapuri ka varnan skand puran, narad puran, padm puran aur brahm puran men milata hai. jagannath mndir ke niji bhrith‍yon ki ek sena hai jo 36 roopon tatha 97 vargon men vibhajit kar di gayi hai. pahale inake pradhan khurd ke raja the jo apane ko jaganh‍nath ka bhrith‍y samajhate the. kashi ki tarah jagannath dham men bhi pnch tirth hain –

1. markanh‍dey
2. vat (krishh‍n)
3. balaram,
4. samudr aur
5. inh‍dradyumh‍n setu.

jagannath ki rathayatra pratyek varsh ashadh mas men shukl dvitiyako hoti hai. yah ek vistrit samaroh hai, jisamen bharat ke vibhinn bhagon se ae log sahabhagi hote hain. das din tak yah parv manaya jata hai. is yatra ko ‘gundiy yatra’ bhi kaha jata hai.

markanh‍dey ki katha brahmapuran ^[3] men varnit hai. vishnu ne markanh‍dey se jaganh‍nath ke uth‍tar men shiv ka mndir tatha setu banavane ko kaha tha. kuchh samay ke uparanh‍t yah ‘markanh‍dey setu’ ke nam se vikhh‍yat ho gaya. brahm puran ke anusar tirthayatri ko ‘markanh‍dey setu’ men sh‍nan karake tin bar sir jhukana tatha mntr padhana chahie. tath‍pashh‍chat use tarpan karana tatha shivamndir jana chahie.

shiv ke poojan men ‘om namah shivay’ namak mool mntr ka uchh‍charan ath‍yavashh‍yak hai. aghor tatha pauranik mntron ka bhi uchh‍charan hona chahie. tath‍pashh‍chat use vat vriksh par jakar usaki tin bar parikrama karani aur mntr se pooja karani chahie. brahmapuran ^[4] ke anusar vat sh‍vayn krishh‍n hain. vah bhi ek prakar ka ‘kalh‍pavriksh’ hi hai. tirth yatri ko shrikrishn ke samaksh sh‍thit garud ki pooja karani chahie aur tab krishh‍n, subhadra tatha snkarshan ke prati mntrochh‍charan karana chahie. brahmapuran ^[5] shrikrishh‍n ke bhakh‍tipoorn darshan se moksh ka vidhan karata hai.

puri men samudr sh‍nan ka bada mahath‍v hai, par yah moolatah poornima ke din hi adhik mahath‍vapoorn hai. tirthayatri ko inh‍dradyumh‍n setu men sh‍nan karana, devataon ka tarpan karana tatha rishi pitaron ko pinh‍dadan karana chahie. brahmapuran ^[6] men inh‍dradyamh‍n setu ke kinare sat dinon ki gunh‍dicha yatra ka ulh‍lekh hai. yah krishh‍n snkarshan tatha subhadra ke manh‍dap men hi poori hoti hai. aisa bataya jata hai ki gunh‍dicha jaganh‍nath ke vishal mndir se lagabhag do mil door jaganh‍nath ke vishal mndir men lagabhag do mil door jaganh‍nath ka grishh‍makalin bhavan hai. yah shabh‍d snbhavatah ghunh‍di se liya gaya hai jisaka arth bngala tatha udiya men moti lakadi ka kunda hota hai. yah lakadi ka kunda ek pauranik katha ke anusar samudr men bahate hue inh‍dradyumh‍n ko mila tha. purushoth‍tam kshetr men dharmik ath‍maghat ka bhi brahmapuran men ulh‍lekh hai.

vat vriksh par chadhakar ya usake niche ya samudr men, ichh‍chha ya anichh‍chha se, jaganh‍nath ke marg men, jaganath kshetr ki kisi gali men ya kisi bhi sh‍thal par jo pran th‍yag karata hai vah nishh‍chay hi moksh praph‍t karata hai. brahmapuran ^[7] ke anusar yah tin guna sath‍y hai ki yah sh‍thal param mahan hai. purushoth‍tam tirth men ek bar jane ke uparant vh‍yakh‍ti punah garbh men nahin jata.^[8]

brahmapuran ke anusar katha

brahmapuran ke 43 tatha 44 adhh‍yaon men malava sh‍thit ujjayini ^[9] ke raja inh‍dradyumh‍n ka vivaran hai. raja inh‍dradyumh‍n bada vidvan tatha pratapi raja tha. sabhi ved shash‍tron ke adhh‍yayan ke uparanh‍t vah is nishh‍karsh par pahuncha ki vasudev sarvashreshh‍th devatahain. phalatah vah apani sari sena, pnditon tatha kisanon ke sath vasudev kshetr men gaya. das yojan lamh‍be tatha panch yojan chaude is ‘vasudev sh‍thal’ par usane apana khaima lagaya. isake poorv is dakshini samudr tat par ek ‘vatavriksh’ tha jisake samip ‘purushoth‍tam’ ki inh‍dranil mani ki bani huee moorti thi. kalakram se yah baluka se achh‍chhanh‍n ho gayi aur usi men nimagh‍n ho gayi. us sh‍thal par jha‌diyan aur ped paudhe ug aye. inh‍dradyumh‍n ne vahan ek ashvamedh ygy karake ek bahut bade mndir ka nirman karaya. us mndir men bhagavan vasudev ki ek sundar moorti prati‌shh‍thit karane ki use chinta huee.

 

svapn men raja ne vasudev ko dekha, jinh‍honne use samudratat par pratahkal jakar kulh‍hadi se ugate hue vatavriksh ko katane ko kaha. raja ne thik samay par vaisa hi kiya. usamen bhagavan vishnu (vasudev) aur vishvakarma brahman ke vesh men prakat hue. vishh‍nu ne raja se kaha ki mere sahayogi vishh‍vakarma meri moorti ka nirman karenge.krishn, balaram aur subhadra ki tin moortiyan banakar raja ko di gayin. taduparant vishh‍nu ne raja ko varadan diya ki ashh‍vamegh ke samaph‍t hone par jahan inh‍dradyumh‍n ne sh‍nan kiya hai vah bandh usi ke nam se vikhh‍yat hoga. jo vh‍yakh‍ti usamen sh‍nan karega vah indralok ko jayega aur jo us setu ke tat par pinh‍dadan karega usake 21 pidhiyon tak ke poorvaj mukh‍t ho jayenge. inh‍dradyumh‍n ne in tin moortiyon ki us mndir men sh‍thapana ki.

skand puran ke upabhag ‘uth‍kalakhanh‍d’ men inh‍dradyumh‍n ki katha ‘purushoth‍tam mahath‍mh‍y’ ke anh‍targat kuchh parivartanon ke sath di gayi hai. isase yahi nishh‍karsh nikalata hai ki prachin kal men purushoth‍tam kshetr ko ‘nilachnl’ nam se abhihit kiya gaya tha aur krishn ki pooja uth‍tar bharat men hoti thi.

maitrayani upanishad^[10] se inh‍dradyumh‍n ke chakravarti hone ka pata chalata hai. satavin shatabh‍di ee0 se vahan baudghon ke vikas ka bhi pata chalata hai. samh‍prati jaganh‍nath tirth ka pavitr sh‍thal 20 phut ooncha, 652 phut lnba tatha 630 phut chauda hai. isamen eeshh‍var ke vividh roopon ke 120 mndir hain, 13 mndir shiv ke, kuchh parvati ke tatha ek mndir soory ka hai. hindoo ash‍tha ke prayah prath‍yek roop yahan milate hain. brahmapuran ke anusar jaganathapuri men shaivon aur vaishh‍navon ke parash‍parik sngharsh nashh‍t ho jate hain.^[8]

pauranik katha

pauranik katha ke anusar, in moortiyon ki pran pratishtha raja indradyumn ne mntrochcharan v vidhi – vidhan se ki thi. maharaj indradyumnmalava ki rajadhani avanti se apana raj–pat chalate the. bhagavan jagannath ki rathayatra pratyek varsh ashadh mas men shukl dvitiya ko hoti hai. yah ek vistrit samaroh hai, jisamen bharat ke vibhinn bhagon se ae log sahabhagi hote hain. das din tak yah parv manaya jata hai. is yatra ko ‘gundiy yatra’ bhi kaha jata hai. gundich ka mandir bhi hai.

narad ji ko varadan

 

jagannath ji ki rathayatra men shrikrishn ke sath radha ya rukmini ke sthan par balaramaur subhadra hote hain. is sambndh men katha is prakar hai – ek bar dvarika men shrikrishn rukmini adi rajamahishiyon ke sath shayan karate hue nidra men radhe-radhe bol pade. maharaniyon ko ashchary hua. subah jagane par shrikrishn ne apana manobhav prakat nahin kiya. rukmini ne raniyon se bat ki ki vrindavan men radha nam ki gopakumari hai jisako prabhu ham sabaki itani seva, nishtha aur bhakti ke bad bhi nahin bhool paye hai. radha ki shrikrishn ke sath rasalilaon ke vishay men mata rohini ko gyan hoga. at: unase sabhi maharaniyon ne anunay-vinay ki, ki vah is vishay men batayen. pahale to mata rohini ne inkar kiya kintu maharaniyon ke ati agrah par unhonne kaha ki thik hai, pahale subhadra ko pahare par bitha do, koee bhi andar n a pae, chahe vah balaram ya shrikrishn hi kyon n hon.

mata rohini ne jaise hi katha kahana shuroo kiya, achanak shrikrishn aur balaram mahal ki or ate hue dikhaee die. subhadra ne unhen dvar par hi rok liya, kintu shrikrishn aur radha ki rasalila ki katha shrikrishn aur balaram dono ko hi sunaee di. usako sunakar shrikrishn aur balaram adbhut premaras ka anubhav karane lage, subhadra bhi bhavavihval ho gayi.

achanak narad ke ane se ve poorvavat ho ge. narad ne shri bhagavan se prarthana ki ki – ‘he prabhu apake jis ‘mahabhav’ men lin moortisth roop ke mainne darshan kie hain, vah samanyajan ke hetu prithvi par sadaiv sushobhit rahe. prabhu ne tathastu kaha.

rathayatra ka prarnbh

katha hain ki raja indradyumn saparivar nilachal sagar, udisa ke pas rahate the. raja ko samudr men ek vishalakay kashth dikhayi diya. raja ne usase bhagavan vishnu ki moorti ka nirman karane ka nishchay kiya. vriddh badhee ke roop men vishvakarma ji svayn prastut hue. unhonne moorti banane ke lie shart rakhi ki main jahan moorti banaoonga vahan moorti ke poorn hone tak koee nahin aega. raja ne is shart ko man liya. vartaman men jahan shrijagannath ji ka mndir hai, usi ke pas vah ek ghar men moorti nirman men lag ge. raja ke parijanon ko gyat n tha ki ‘vriddh badhee’ kaun hai? kee dinon tak ghar ka dvar bnd raha. maharani ne socha ki badhee bina khae-piye kaise kam karega. maharani ne maharaja ko apani shnka batayi. maharaja ke dvar khulavane par vah vriddh badhee kahin nahin mila kintu usake dvara arddhanirmit shri jagannath, subhadra tatha balaram ki kashth moortiyan vahan par mil gayi. raja aur rani dukhi ho gaye, usi kshan donon ko akashavani sunayi di – ‘du:khi mat hoo, ham isi roop men rahana chahate hain moortiyon ko dravy adi se pavitr kar sthapit karava do.’ aj bhi ve apoorn aur aspasht moortiyan ‘puri ki rathayatra’ aur mndir men sushobhit v pratishthit hain. subhadra ke dvarika bhraman ki ichchha poorn karane ke uddeshy se shrikrishn v balaram ne alag rathon men baithakar rathayatra karavaee thi. subhadra ki nagar bhraman ki smriti men yah rathayatra puri men har varsh hoti hai.

rath ka nirman

bhagavan jagannath ki rathayatra ke lie rathon ka nirman lakadiyon se hota hai. isamen koee bhi kil ya kanta, kisi bhi dhatu ka nahin lagaya jata. yah ek dharmik kary hai, jo pidhi dar pidhi age badhata raha hai. rathon ka nirman akshay tritiya se ‘vanajaga’ mahotsav se prarambh hota hai tatha lakadiyan chunane ka kary isake poorv basant pnchami se shuroo ho jata hai. purane rathon ki lakadiyan bhaktajan shraddhapoorvak kharid lete hain aur apane–apane gharon ki khidakiyan, daravaze adi banavane men inaka upayog karate hain.

samudayik parv

rathayatra ek samudayik parv hai. gharon men koee bhi pooja is avasar par nahin hoti hai tatha n hi koee upavas rakha jata hai. jagannathapuri aur bhagavan jaganh‍nath ki kuchh maulik visheshataen hain. yahan kisi prakar ka jatibhed nahin hai. jaganh‍nath ke lie pakaya gaya chaval vahan ke purohit nimh‍n koti ke nam se pukare jane vale logon se bhi lete hain. jaganh‍nath ko chadhaya hua chaval kabhi ashudgh nahin hota, ise ‘mahaprasad’ ki sngya di gayi hai. isaki visheshata rathayatra parv ki mahath‍ta hai. isaka puri ke chaubis parvon men sarvadhik mahath‍v hai. rath tirth ya‌‌triyon aur kushal mazadooron dvara khinche jate hain. bhavukatapoorn giton se y‌h ‘maha uth‍sav’ manaya jata hai.

 

adhik mas men utsav

jis varsh ashadh mas men adhik mas hota hai, us varsh rathayatra – utsav ke sath ek naya mahotsav aur bhi hota hai, jise ‘navakalevar utsav’ kahate hain. is utsav par bhagavan jagannath apana purana kalevar tyag kar naya kalevar dharan karate hain, arthat lakadiyon ki nayi moortiyan banaee jati hain tatha purani moortiyon ko mandir parisar men hi ‘koyali vaikunth’ namak sthan par bhoo – samadhi de di jati hai.

dharmik utsav ki taiyariyan

• puri men rathayatra ke lie baladev, shrikrishnv subhadra ke lie alag–alag tin rath banaye jate hain.
• balabhadr ke rath ko ‘paladhvaj’ v usaka rng lal evn hara, subhadra ke rath ko ‘darpadalan’ aur usaka rng evn nila tatha bhagavan jagannath ke rath ko ‘nandighosh’ kahate hain. isaka rng lal v pila hota hai.
• rathayatra men sabase age balabhadr ji ka rath, usake bad bich men subhadra ji ka rath tatha sabase pichhe bhagavan jagannath ji ka rath hota hai.
• ashadh ki shukl dvitiy ko tinon rathon ko ‘sinhadvar’ par laya jata hai. snan v vastr pahanane ke bad pratimaon ko apane–apane rath men rakha jata hai. ise ‘pahondri mahotsav’ kahate hain.
• jab rath taiyar ho jate hain, tab puri ke raja ek palaki men akar inaki prarthana karate hain tatha pratikatmak roop se rath mandap ko jhadoo se saf karate hain. ise ‘chhar pahanara’ kahate hain.
• ab sarvadhik pratikshit v shubh ghadi ati hai. dhol, nagadon, turahitatha shnkhadhvani ke bich bhaktagan in rathon ko khinchate hain.
• is pavitr dharmik kary ke lie door–door se log pratyek varsh puri men ate hain. bhavy rath ghumavadar marg par age badhate hain tatha gundich mandir ke pas rukate hain.
• ye rath yahan par sat din tak rahate hain. yahan par suraksha vyavastha kafi chust v durust rakhi jati hai.
• rathayatra ka vibhinn telivizan chainalon ke dvara sidha prasaran bhi kiya jata hai.
• sara shahar shraddhalu bhaktaganon se khachakhach bhar jata hai. bhagavan jagannath ki is yatra men shayad hi koee vyakti aisa ho, jo ki sammilit n hota ho.

mukhy mandir ki or purnayatra

• ashadh ki dasavin tithi ko rathon ki mukhy mandir ki or purnayatra prarambh hoti hai. ise ‘bahuda yatra’ kahate hain.
• sabhi rathon ko mandir ke thik samane laya jata hai, parantu pratimaen abhi ek din tak rath men hi rahati hain.
• agami din ekadashihoti hai, is din jab mandir ke dvar devi – devataon ke lie khol die jate hain, tab inaka shringar vibhinn abhooshanon v shuddh svarn se kiya jata hai.
• is dharmik kary ko ‘sunabesa’ kaha jata hai.

rath yatra ka bhavy samapan

 

as–pas ke darshakon ke manornjan ke lie, pratimaon ki vapasi yatra ke madhy ek hasyapoorn drishy kiya jata hai. mukhy jagannath mandir ke andar ek chhota ‘mahalakshmi mandir’ bhi hai. aisa dikhaya jata hai ki bhagavati lakshmi isalie kruddh hain, kyonki unhen yatra men nahin le jaya gaya. ve bhagavan par kataksh karati hain. prabhu unhen manane ka prayas karate hain v kahate hain ki devi ko sambhavatah unake bhaee balabhadr ke sath baithana shobha nahin deta. pujari v devadasiyan ise lokagiton men prastut karate hain. kruddh devi mandir ko andar se band kar leti hain. parantu shighr hi pnditon ka git unhen prasann kar deta hai. jab mandir ke dvar khol die jate hain tatha sabhi log andar pravesh karate hain. isi ke sath is din ki bhagavan jagannath ki yah atyant adabhut v anoothi yatra harshollas se sampann ho jati hai.

mahaprasad

mandir ki rasoee men ek vishesh kaksh rakha jata hai, jahan par mahaprasad taiyar kiya jata hai. is mahaprasad men arahar ki dal, chaval, sag, dahi v khir jaise vynjan hote hain. isaka ek bhag prabhu ka samarpit karane ke lie rakha jata hai tatha ise kadali patron par rakhakar bhaktaganon ko bahut kam dam men bech diya jata hai. jagannath mandir ko prem se snsar ka sabase bada hotal kaha jata hai. mandir ki rasoee men pratidin bahattar kvintal chaval pakane ka sthan hai. itane chaval ek lakh logon ke lie paryapt hain. char sau rasoie is kary ke lie rakhe jate hain.

puri ke jagannath mndir ki ek visheshata yah hai ki mndir ke bahar sthit rasoee men 25000 bhakt prasad grahan karate hain. bhagavan ko nity pakae hue bhojan ka bhog lagaya jata hai. parntu rathayatra ke din ek lakh chaudah hazar log rasoee karyakram men tatha any vyavastha men lage hote hain. jabaki 6000 pujari poojavidhi men karyarat hote hain. udisa men das dinon tak chalane vale ek rashtriy utsav men bhag lene ke lie duniya ke kone-kone se log utsahapoorvak umad padate hain. ek mahattvapoorn bat yah hai ki rasoee men brahman ek hi thali men any jati ke logon ke sath bhojan karate hain, yahan jat-pant ka koee bhedabhav nahin rakha jata.^[11]

jagannath snpraday

jagannath snpraday kitana purana hai tatha yah kab utpann hua tha is bare men spasht taur par kuchh nahin kaha ja sakata. vaidik sahity aur pauranik kathaon men bhagavan jagannath ya purushottam ka vishnu ke avatar ke roop men unaki mahima ka gunagan kiya gaya hai. any anusndhan sroton se is bat ke paryapt saboot hai ki yah snpraday vaidik kal se bhi purana hai.

 

in sroton ke anusar bhagavan jagannath ‘shabar’ janajatiy samuday se snbadhit hai aur ve log inaki pooja gopaniy roop se karate the. bad men unako puri laya gaya. ve sare brahmand ke dev hai tatha ve sabase snbadhit hai. anek snpradayon jaise vaishnav, shaiv, shakt, ganapati, bauddh tatha jain ne apane dharmik sindhdaton men samanata paee hai. jagannath ji ke bhakton men salabeg bhi hai jo janm se muslim tha. bhagavan jagannath aur unake mndir ne anek snpradayon tatha dharmik samudayon ke dharm guruon ko akarshit kiya hai. adi shnkarachary ne ise govardhan pith sthapit karane ke lie chuna. unhonne jagannathashtak ka bhi snkalan kiya. any dharmik snt ya dharm guru jo yahan aye tatha bhagavan jagannath ki pooja ki unamen madhvachary, nimbarkachary,sayanachary, ramanuj, ramannd, tulasidas, nanak, kabir, tatha chaitany hain aur sthaniy snt jaise jagannath das, balaram das, achyutannd, yashavnt, shishu annt aur jayadev bhi yahan aye tatha bhagavan jagannath ki pooja ki. puri men in snton dvara math ya ashram sthapit kiye gaye jo abhi bhi maujood hain tatha kisi n kisi roop men jagannath mndir se snbadhit hain.