पुराणों का वर्णन Sheetala माता भगवान ब्रह्मा के द्वारा बनाई गई हो. भगवान ब्रह्मा उससे वादा किया था कि वह धरती पर पूजा किया जाएगा, लेकिन वह दाल के बीज लेकर की जरूरत है. वह अपने साथी के रूप में Jvara Asura (बुखार दानव), जो भगवान शिव के पसीने से बनाया गया था के लिए कहा.Sheetala माता की कहानी का वर्णन है कि Sheetala और Jvara जब Devaloka में रहे उन्हें सर पर यात्रा और दाल जाया करते थे जहां वे गए थे. ये दाल चेचक रोगाणु और सब बदल गया बीमारी है. उनमें से परेशान कहा देवताओं उसे कहीं वह कहाँ की उपासना है और जाने के लिए.
दोनों पृथ्वी पर आया था. राजा Birat उस समय सत्तारूढ़ था. राजा की पूजा के लिए तैयार हो उसे और उसके राज्य में उसे जगह दे दी. उन्होंने कहा कि वह भगवान शिव के रूप में ही सम्मान नहीं मिलेगा. यह किया और वह उसे गुस्से में चेचक के प्रसार शुरू कर दिया. उसकी शक्ति देखकर राजा आत्मसमर्पण कर दिया और उसके कि पृथ्वी के निवासियों की पूजा करेंगे वादा किया था उसे चैत्र Ashtami के दिन पर. माँ Sheetala खुश और वरदान दे दिया है कि उन सभी पूजा जो उसे महामारी रोग प्रतिरक्षा जाएगा और एक लंबी स्वस्थ जीवन जीने बन गया.
Sheetala Ashtami
The tangy flavor of fairs and festivals in Rajasthan has their own charm. These fairs and festivals prove to be the best opportunity for the guests to peep into and understand the cultural and traditional aspects of the land of royal figures more closely.
One of the small and grand festivals is the Sheetala Ashtami festival, which is celebrated in Rajasthan. The Sheetala Mata fair is held at a small hamlet in Chaksu, Jaipur, Kaga and Jodhpur with great passion and zeal.
Sheetla Ashtami is celebrated during the spring season in the month of March or the beginning of April, right after seven days of Holi.
It is a common belief among all the people that worshiping Sheetla mata on Sheetla Ashtmi would prevent them from the deadly outbreak of diseases.
Sheetla Mata is commonly called the goddess of small pox. The huge excitement and gusto of celebration of the festival is worth watching. The local market is the hub to display and trade a lot of items like indigenous shoes, food items, agricultural implements during the fair on this festival.
Even cattle are sold here. Flocks of people dressed in colorful attires add brightness in the environment.
Musical events are organized in which the participants display their talent. There are also a lot of rituals and religious activities to be performed during the play. People feed old and needy people on the day and seek their blessings.
It is noticeable though, that some communities observe the eighth day of Krishna Paksha of every month as sheetalashtami. But the most auspicious one is the Chaitra Krishna Paksha Ashtami.
Celebrations
Devotees prepare food on the day before Sheetla Asthami and visit the to perform the puja of the goddess on the festival along with the food. People gorge on this food which is called Baseda in local lingo as a prasad of Sheetla mata. Some consider Bajra, Rabri and curd as an essential offering on this ocassion.
Sheetala Ashtami
Basoda (बसोडा) Puja is dedicated to Goddess Sheetala and celebrated on Krishna Paksha Ashtami after Holi. Basoda is also known as Sheetala Ashtami. Usually it falls after eight days of Holi but many people observe it on first Monday or Thursday after Holi. Sheetala Ashtami is more popular in North Indian states like Gujarat, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.
According to Basoda customs families don’t lit fire for cooking. Hence most families cook one day before and consume stale food on Sheetala Ashtami day. It is believed that Goddess Sheetala controls smallpox, chickenpox, measles, etc. and people worship her to ward off any outbreak of those diseases.